Courses for Freshman

Basic of Japanese Literature

In this course, we will be thinking about problems of movies and literature, mainly with works of literature that are made into movies.
The works to be taken up will be selected from among modern literature. Students are asked to see the movie after reading the work. By comparing "reading" and "viewing" experiences, hints can be obtained for grasping the characteristics of literature. In that sense, the course is an introduction to literature through movies.
Since this is a first attempt, the progress of the course will be decided on trial and error. Therefore, what to read and see will be instructed from time to time. The students are asked take literature seriously.

Basic of Chinese Literature

Chinese literature is wide-ranging and this course will mainly deal with ancient literature. The various phenomena that comprise the bases of ancient literature of China will be described. In ancient China, there were no clear division among literature, thought, and history and they were considered as integrated. Therefore, the course will touch upon thoughts and history as well as literature.
The course will take forms of lectures and students are asked to take notes in a refined manner.

Courses for Junior

Japanese History

In the first semester, problems of women and children from the ancient to medieval society are taken up. By thinking about the essence of subordination and segregation of women, we would like to re-think the Japanese history.
In the second semester, history of Japanese ancient nation coming into being from new points of view. The focus will be especially on social status and magical ideas. Some considerations will be given on literary works and pictorial references. Based on copies of historic materials, students are asked to participate in solving riddles in the famous events, persons, and dark aspects of the ancient history.

Courses for Freshman

Introduction to Japanese Language

With the background of Japanese thoughts that have been developed over the years, we Japanese have always been thinking about things in Japanese, making judgements, and taking actions. This means that we need to be observing and analyzing Japanese language, since it is our behavior norms. It will be necessary for us to have the capabilities to apply the Japanese language. For example, Dr. Yoshizawa said: "Japanese literature is impossible without Japanese language and Japanese language is impossible without Japanese literature." Likewise, it is considered that without solid bases in Japanese language, there will be no development in intellectual and rich literature. Therefore, in this course, various areas of the Japanese language are outlined: phonetics, characters, vocabulary, grammar, styles, dialect, and honorific. Then, the study methods for these will be examined.

Reading in Japanese Literature I

The three volumes of" Kojiki" were originally written as history books. The stories of gods in the first volume, the poems that are sporadically in all three volumes and the love stories in the second and third volumes have flavors that are no less excellent compared to literature in the later years.
We will take up the so-called folklore in the first volume and we will pursue what is it to "read," while touching upon the characteristics of the ancient literature.

Reading in Japanese Literature I

We will take up "Man-yoshu" from among the works of ancient literature.
In concrete periods, "Man-yoshu" is divided into four terms and the representative poems of each period will be taken up in lectures. For example, Nukadano Okimi, Kakinomotono Hitomaro, Yamabeno Akahito, Otomono Tabito, Yamanoueno Okura, Otomono Yakamochi and so on.
We would also like to touch upon editing and composition of each volume of "Man-yoshu", historical background and climate, and life of the people appearing in "Man-yoshu".

Reading in Japanese Literature V

In this reading, we will be mainly reading modern Tanka poem and stories of journeys on the poem. When we refer to modern Tanka poems, we mean Tanka poems from the Meiji period, which were influenced by the Edo period, to contemporary times. Tanka poem is a literary format that is continuing the tradition since the Man-yo to date. The poets are making efforts to express their senses and thoughts as modern men while feeling the weight of the tradition. Also, the writers of Tanka poem are often readers of Tanka poems and there are quite a few of them. We are hoping that some of the students will tray their hands at writing Tanka poems, using the classes as references.
We would like to provide guidance on writing Tanka poems as much as possible.

Reading in Japanese Literature V

We will be learning basic knowledge and reading method (study method) of Japanese modern literature while actually reading the literary works.
We will be using novels by Ogai Mori as materials. We will pickup problem areas and deepen and widen thoughts and these will be put into a paper. We will be proceeding with the lecture so that the above process can be actually experienced by the students.
During the class, write-ups will be distributed and references will be introduced. Much information will be provided. We expect the students to be actively reacting to the materials.

History of Japanese Literature I

Japanese literature from the beginning to the end of the ancient times will be covered. That is to say, period covered will be the first creation of literature to the end of Nara and Heian Periods. Creation, development, and expansion of various works of literature and various historic phases within such contents will be grasped and these will be our goals.
Not only the understanding of the individual work and writer, deepened attention will be paid to the historic backgrounds of each work. These will be for pursuit of currents in literary thoughts.

Calligraphy I

Students are asked to learn proper and beautiful characters while utilizing margins.
Students will be practicing on basic calligraphy of various character styles (Goisho, Reisho, Kaisho, Gyosho, Sosho and so on) through training in classics.
During daily training, students should think about conception and pay attention to coloring of carbon black, line quality and brush movements. The points and stress in ech characters and groups of two or three characters should go together in one work of calligraphy. Students should canvas characteristics of different periods in the Chinese history of calligraphy and historic changes and reflect these in their productive activities.

Courses for Sophomore

Introduction of Japanese Literature

In this course, knowledge and research methods that should be acquired by students specializing in Japanese literature will be outlined. At the same time, the latest research will be introduced on important themes in the history of Japanese literature: occurrence of Japanese literature; birth of Tanka poem; occurrence and development of stories; arguments about "Genji Monogatari" (The Tale of Genji); historic stories; arguments about history and so forth. While doing these, I would like to convey my thoughts to the students.

Reading of Chinese Literature I

This class aims at the acquirement of the basic reading ability ofclassical Chinese literature. For the purpose of improving students' ability, quiz on basic matters will be conducted every time. Easy and short pieces will be used as learning materials. Since the speed of reading won't be fast, paying enough attention to grammar and rhetoric, students should try to get rid of allergic reaction against classical Chinese.

Reading of Classical Japanese Literature II

In this class students will be trained to acquire the knowledge and learn grammatical matters necessary to read classical Japanese literature, while reading some of the classical and medieval Japanese literature whose highest peak is "The Tale of Genji".
Firstly we will read the volume "Hanachirusato" of "The Tale of Genji" with great care. The piece is very sophisticated work filled with expressions and rhetoric of Murasakishikibu style. Careful reading of it will be a good introduction to the deep and affluent world of the Genji. Students will be impressed and feel happy to meet classical masterpieces and their authors and consequently develop their insight into life, which is really valuable experience.

Reading of Classical Japanese Literature III

"Taiheiki; Record of Great Peace" is a war chronicle which told about fifty-year-long internal turmoil in the Period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. In this class this year we will read the first section (Vol.1--Vol.11) which covers the period from the plot against the Kamakura Government by Emperor Godaigo till the collapse of the Kamakura Government in Genko 3.

Reading of Classical Japanese Literature III

"Hyakunin Isshu; The Hundred Poems by One Hundred Poets" is a classic still popular today. Medieval poets regarded it as a textbook selected by Fujiwarano Teika for the beginners and put great importance on it as a book of secrets. Therefore a lot of annotation books were written by not only Nijo-school tanka scholars but also Japanese classical scholars who were against Nijo-school. We will read "Hyakunin Isshu" referring to those annotation books, and trace the history of tanka. Also we will study the differences among annotations and the history of tanka studies which showed the background of different annotations.

History of Japanese Literature II

The period from the Meiji Restoration, Meiji, Taisho, to Showa was a time with one of the most drastic changes in the world history. How did the literature, which is a spiritual record of the time, change through the period? The deeper we study, the more important facts we will find.
Studying the history of modern Japanese literature is, therefore, not just the retrospect but the experience of the past and consequently leads to self-knowledge of ourselves.
In addition, we will teach composition by using reference books.

History of Japanese Literature II

The lecture will be mainly on the history of modern Japanese literature. Though we will try to offer as much information as possible and not to limit the lecture to the modern literature, the main stream of the lecture will be on the period around the Russo-Japanese War.
The lecture will cover not only the history of literature, but also the history of cultural matters such as the studies of media (publication, books & magazines, films, etc.) and social systems. The lecture will also contain topics with clear themes such as "war and literature". Thus the lecture will expand into many directions. Therefore we expect the students will attend the lecture with critical minds.

Usage of Japanese

Hearing an articulate and beautiful voice with appropriate pauses makes us feel as if we were hearing the sound of a Japanese harp.
Reading a logically consistent writing written in appropriate letters makes us feel enchanted by grave words. These are because the voice and the writing of the person follows certain rules. Examining the structure of a sentence, we will find that each clause consists of words and each sentence consists of clauses. There are certain rules in composing a sentence, which is called grammar. Usually we aren't conscious of grammar in using Japanese language. The study of grammar is to understand the grammar inductively and analyze and systematize it as conscious knowledge. In this class we will mainly study the grammar of Heian-era and then expand the study to the modern grammar.

Courses for Junior

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar, we will try to correctly interpret the story, especially the tankas, and compare and criticize each others' interpretations, and appreciate the beauty of Uta-monogatari or a collection of short tales centering around poems.
We will study "The Tales of Heichu". The tales whose leading character is Tairano Sadahumi who was thought to be as lecherous a man as Ariwarano Narihira, are a bit different from "The Tales of Ise" and "The Tales of Yamato", and are very enjoyable and excellent pieces. The beauty of the tales is in the exchanges of tankas and in the vivid dialogues. And in some parts of the tales there is a touch of pathos common to modern ages. It also showed the literary evolution to the more realistic stories. In all it provides good themes for the study. By reading the tales carefully, we will study and enjoy the world of Uta-monogatari to our hearts' content.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar, as a textbook we will use "Tsurezuregusa; Essays in Idleness", which all of you must have seen at least once. We will take up grammatically important usage of the words and study them synchronically and diachronically, while studying how they developed to the modern words and also how the modern words should be.
During the first semester we will take up one essay for every class. A group of 2--3 students should prepare for each class, reading the essay, grammatically categorize the words, translating the sentences into modern Japanese, explaining grammatical matters. In the second semester, each student tries to choose his own theme based on the studies during the first semester, and study and report the results individually.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar we will take up "Kojiki; Records of Ancient Matters", especially the tales of the first volume.
In the seminar, we will discuss each others' interpretations of the tales and I will try to help the students establish their own ways to study literature through the reading.
The students who are supposed to make presentation should prepare an outline by summarizing various annotation books such as "Kojiki-den" and adding their opinions to it.
However, the theme of the seminar can be changed if students want to. Learning materials will be paid for by the working expenses of the seminar.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

We will be taking up "Yoshino Shui," which is a collection of stories from medieval age. The author of this book is an avid reader of "Tsurezuregusa" and "Taiheiki" and it seems as though took a theme in the age of Nanbokucho and he made up a fictitious episodes. We will distributed photocopies of the woodblock printed volume. For those who have been attending this seminar this year, the photocopies will be distributed along with "Hentaikanashu." Please get started on it.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

Some of the writers after the Meiji Restoration were deeply interested in Asian history and cultural tradition and they wrote many pieces on these topics. Through their relationship to Asia, from the point of view of comparative literature, we would like to approach the relations between Asian tradition and images and their work. This year, we will be taking up Atsushi Nakajima's "Gojoshusse" and "Gojotanni."

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

We would be taking up readings by the general public while pursuing the social and cultural backgrounds of bestsellers. This will be something of a social and cultural history of the readers and not the writers.
For the third year students, we will be beginning with relatively recent years, eventually going back to the beginning of Showa. I am expecting that the students will get on with their own research and study while utilizing the library resources as much as possible, and through presentations and discussions among students.
It would be desirable for the students in the seminar to be also taking the librarian course.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

The kanji is the fruit of the wisdom of ancient people, which has ingenious forms and fathomless attractions.
In this seminar, we would like to deepen our understanding on kanji through how they were formed and through comparing the newly discovered references in recent years with Kyoshin's "Setsubunkaiji" which is known as the largest book on characters.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar, we study the writing in Meiji and take up: Ogai, Tokoku, Koyo, Rohan, Kyoka, Roka, and others. We will be thinking about the relation between the type of writing and people appearing in the story, development of the story, and scenes.
The writing in these works of literature is not totally unrelated with the style of writing widely spread during their time. Therefore, we would be taking up newspaper articles as the representative of the writing of the time and compare these with the unique and individual writing of these authors.
The theme of the seminar could be changed according to the desire of the seminar members. The materials will be distributed free of charge through the use of seminar operation funds.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar, students will study modern Japanese literature and I hope they will get interested in literature and learn how to study literature. In order to achieve this goal, it is recommended that student should not overlook various literary works from Meiji-era to today, but focus on one work and establish their own style of the study.
The theme of the seminar is Kenji Miyazawa. Today Kenji is famous for his unique life style as well as a writer of children's songs and poet. Recently he has drawn bigger attention than any other literary man in the past. Therefore students will learn a lot through the study of him. I hope many of you will positively join the seminar.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar students will study "Man-yoshu; A Collection of a Myriad Leaves". For the third graders I will introduce several basic research books of Man-yoshu and show how to study Man-yoshu, so that the student can learn the basics to study Man-yoshu.
In practice we will study the poems in the volume 4 one by one. The volume 3 contains poems written by famous Man-yo poets such as Hitomaro, Akahito, Okura, Tabito, and Yakamochi. It may be possible to consider the whole Man-yoshu through the study of the volume 3.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

The study of how to interpret classical tales. This seminar will help students acquire basic ability to read classical tales and make usage of them as learning materials. "The Tales of Ise" will be used as a textbook and students should learn how to use supplementary materials and understand literary theory in order to interpret the textbook as correctly as possible.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

There are kinds of ghost stories so called "Rikucho Shikai" and "Tang-Dynasty legend" among Chinese novels. In those stories various people from the heroes in "Sangokushi" to unknown common people played important roles. Those stories are usually strange tales in which a dead person revived, ghost appeared in the daytime, a fox fooled people or a person changed into a tiger. Those stories were treasure house of tales. As a matter of fact famous Japanese tales such as "Tanabata" and "Urashima Taro" and some of well-known Japanese ghost stories were translations of those Chinese stories.
In this seminar we will take up literary works which shows strong influence of Chinese novels and study the influence by reading various materials both in China and Japan. Through the study students will understand how closely the China-Japan cultural exchange used to be done in old days.

Seminar in Japanese Literature I: Graduation Thesis

This seminar is for the students who want to write graduation thesis on modern Japanese literature. In this seminar students will report the results of their studies on the important works of modern Japanese literature and discuss the reports with each other. In order to help the student acquire basic and wide literary knowledge and various ways to study, about ten short or medium-length novels of various kinds will be selected. They will be the works of Ogai Mori, Ichiyo Higuchi, Doppo Kunikida, Kyoka Izumi, Katai Tayama, Toson Shimazaki, Soseki Natsume, Junichiro Tanizaki, Ryunosuke Akutagawa, Naoya Shiga and Riichi Yokomitsu.
References should be instructed accordingly.

Introduction to the Chinese Literature

This lesson will give the students the outline of Chinese literature. Since Chinese literature has as long history as 3000 years, it is difficult to give a lecture covering the whole areas of it. Therefore in this class I will choose several topics which I think are rather familiar to the student in the Japanese Literature Course and give lectures on them while making comparison between China and Japan.

Reading of Chinese Literature II

This class aims at the improvement of the students' reading ability of classical Chinese. In this class students will review basic matters such as the grammar of classical Chinese and the meaning of the words, and learn more sophisticated way of reading. I won't use the same textbook through the semester but use various materials for each class. I hope students will have wide understanding of Chinese literature by using various textbooks.
Though reading is the center of this class, I plan to include lectures on the thinking way and customs peculiar to Chinese people.

Japanese Phonetics

In this class we will study the pronunciation of Japanese kanji by comparing it with the original pronunciation of Chinese character. For example the pronunciation of the letter " 東" is "tou" in Japan, but it is pronounced as "ton" when used in the word " 広東". The letter had been pronounced as "tong" in China all the times, however in Japan it was at first noted down as "tou" because of the syllabic nasal of Japanese, and then later noted down as "ton". Thus the relation between Chinese and Japanese is a key to understand the phonetics of Japanese. I will use my report printed in a Literary Department Bulletin as a textbook in this class.

Library Science I (1st Semester)

Since we live in so called an information-oriented society, the role of a library, which collects, accumulates and provides various information, has become more and more important. In addition the style and the content of library is changing.
In this class students will learn how to make good use of library, while studying the social role and the significance of a library and envisaging ideal library in the future.

The Theory of Calligraphy

In this class students will study the theory of calligraphy. We will use "Shofu; The Collection of Calligraphy" written by Son Katei in the Tang dynasty and I will give lectures on 1. Critics on calligraphic works and calligraphers, 2 .Theory about the calligraphic style and technique, 3 .The nature of calligraphy.
Courses for Senior

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar, each student should report the result of his study, which will be followed by keen questions & answers and discussions on it. As for the second semester, I will focus on the guidance of graduation thesis.
We will study a great classic, "The Tale of Genji". Since it is a saga novel, we will firstly take up three volumes of it, "Hahakigi", "Utsusemi", and "Yugao" and study them freely from different angles. While each of the three volumes is an excellent work as an independent short story, it contains a lot of keys to understand "The Tale of Genji" as a saga novel. Students will appreciate an affluent world of Genji through the study and the discussion on the three volumes.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

Since we live in so called an information-oriented society, the role of a library, which collects, accumulates and provides various information, has become more and more important. In addition the style and the content of library is changing.
In this class students will learn how to make good use of library, while studying the social role and the significance of a library and envisaging ideal library in the future.

The Theory of Calligraphy

In this class students will study the theory of calligraphy. We will use "Shofu; The Collection of Calligraphy" written by Son Katei in the Tang dynasty and I will give lectures on 1. Critics on calligraphic works and calligraphers, 2 .Theory about the calligraphic style and technique, 3 .The nature of calligraphy.
Courses for Senior

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar, each student should report the result of his study, which will be followed by keen questions & answers and discussions on it. As for the second semester, I will focus on the guidance of graduation thesis.
We will study a great classic, "The Tale of Genji". Since it is a saga novel, we will firstly take up three volumes of it, "Hahakigi", "Utsusemi", and "Yugao" and study them freely from different angles. While each of the three volumes is an excellent work as an independent short story, it contains a lot of keys to understand "The Tale of Genji" as a saga novel. Students will appreciate an affluent world of Genji through the study and the discussion on the three volumes.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

"Izure no ontoki ni ka", that is the beginning of "The Tale of Genji". The meaning of this sentence is "I'm not sure under which emperor's reign it happened". How did this translation come from?
In this seminar we will study the grammar of Heian-era, which is regarded as a base grammar of classical Japanese, by using the volume of "Kiritsubo". We hope students will learn the grammar not just as abstract matters but learn it in connection with the historical background of it, and try to have general understanding of classical literature. In other words, we will try to understand the story based on the general Japanese grammar as well as on literary background, and try to use the results of the studies for the understanding of the modern Japanese grammar. The guidance to the graduation thesis will be done in appropriate times.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

We will take up "Kojiki; Records of Ancient Matters" in this seminar. "Kojiki" is a great epic and contains myths which were orally transmitted from ancient times and legends which told about the founding of the country. It is regarded as the fruits of classical Japanese literature and the source of Japanese literature.
Each student (or maybe a group of students) should report the result of the study (mainly the reading of Kojiki) in the seminar.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

This year in this seminar we will take up the Japanese Secular volumes of 25, 26 of "Konjyaku-Monogatari; Tales of Ages Ago". The volume 25 dynamically told about the warriors such as Tairano Masakado and Minamotono Yoshiie. The volume 26 contains 24 tales under the theme of Japanese guidance. Students will learn the way of living and thinking of our ancestor living in the period of turmoil in the end of Heian-era through the reading of garrulous tales of various kinds.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

Some of the modern Japanese novelists (after Meiji-era) have shown their deep interests in oriental history and traditional cultures and wrote novels with oriental flavor. In this seminar we will study the connection between the literary works and the oriental traditions and images through the way those novelists were related to the Orient, from the viewpoint of comparative literature. In this seminar we will take up mainly "Riryo", by Atsushi Nakajima, and then "Honin'shokyosho" and "Kanshoretsuden".

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar we will give consideration to the Han race who had close relation with kanji culture. We will study the way to create kanji through "Setsumon'kaiji" written by Kyoshin' in the Later Han dynasty. To know how to create kanji will make the teaching of kanji easier.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar we will study the history of Japanese phonology. For example, consonant sounds of the h-series is said to have changed from p→Ф→h. In order to support the idea, we will use materials which showed the pronunciation of the letters in each era, such as the fact that Chinese letters with -p sound such as 蝶(tefu) and 葉(efu) corresponded to f-sound in Japanese, and the fact that the pronunciation of the h-series was noted as fawa (母) in the papers about Christianity in the Muromachi-era. We will follow these changes in the pronunciation according to the times. As for the first semester I will proceed the seminar under the above mentioned theme, and then in the second semester the seminar will focus on the guidance to the graduation thesis. As learning materials we will mainly use prints, which will be paid for by the running expenses of the seminar.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

The main purpose of this seminar is the completion of graduation thesis on the modern Japanese literature. However, in the first seminar students are not prepared for it, so we will take up poems of Sakutaro Hagiwara, interpret and appreciate them. Sakutaro is one of the greatest poets in the modern Japanese literature. Since his works contain both various contradictions and achievements of the modern Japanese literature, the understanding of them will lead to the understanding of the modern ages itself.
In the second semester students should present the interim report of graduation thesis. We hope they will show the fruits of the four-year-long study and try to reach the level of self-realization.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar We hope students will try to do more specialized study of "Man-yoshu" based on the knowledge they have acquired for the past three years.
In "Man-yoshu" many famous poets appeared in different times, such as Nukadano Okimi, Kakinomotono Hitomaro, Takechino Kurohito, Otomono Tabito, Yamanoueno Okura, Yamabeno Akihito, and Otomono Yakamochi. We will mainly study Otomono Yakamochi in this seminar for the fourth graders. He played an important role in editing the Man-yoshu and his poems showed strong influence from the poets prior to him. Therefore the study of him will lead to the understanding of the whole Man-yoshu. At the same time, we will try to help students complete their graduation thesis in this seminar.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

In this seminar students will learn how to interpret the tales. By using tales written in the early Heian-era, we will learn how to read them.
Also we will learn how to use the supplementary materials and how to see the works from the viewpoint of literary history trying to correctly interpret them.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

This seminar aims at deeper understanding of the comparison literature between China and Japan, based on the study during the third grade. Through the study, we will encourage students to prepare their graduation thesis earlier.

Seminar in Japanese Literature III,IV: Graduation Thesis

In the first semester students will learn how to read a novel through the study reports and the discussion on "Hototogisu" by Roka Tokutomi and "Aru On'na; A woman" by Takeo Arishima.
In the second semester students should present interim reports of their graduation thesis.
We will offer individual guidance to the graduation thesis to each student. Therefore student should keep touch with me and should not be late or absent without previous notice. We hope students will find each lesson precious and attend it with keen interest.

Special Lecture of Japanese Literature III

In this class I will give lectures on the relation between Japanese language and Chinese language. Chinese character was invented in China to express Chinese language phonologically and then introduced into Japan. It is important to know the phonological relation between two languages at that time. For example the character " 主" is pronounced as "shu" in Japanese but the character is thought to have been pronounced as "tsiu" then in Chinese. If so, it must have been noted as "chu" in Japanese. However the sound of the t-series of Japanese was "ta, ti, tu, te, and to" at that time and the sound "tsi" in Chinese didn't correspond to the sound "ti" in Japanese. We will take up these kinds of examples in the class. We will also teach how to use research materials. We will use prints as learning materials.

History of Chinese Literature

We will give an outline of classical and medieval Chinese literature mainly on the classical poems from the beginning of Chou to the end of the era of the Six Dynasties. We will try to introduce as many works as possible in addition to comment on the important matters. We will start with the oldest poems "Shikyo; The Book of Songs" and proceed to "Soji" in the end of the Warring States, to "Kogahu; The Old Songs " in the Han dynasty, "Koshi; Old poems" by common people, to the poems of famous poets in the period from the Three States era till the Tui, and the Tang era, when the five-word-poet became prevalent. Through the reading of those poems we will study the nature of the Chinese literature and the characteristics of the Chinese poems.

History of Japanese Study

The study of Japanese today has been influenced by the theories introduced from the Western countries on one hand and by the theories succeeded from the near past on the other hand.
We will give lectures on the succession from the near past. 1. We will summarize the studies of Japanese classical scholars in the near past such as Norinaga Motoori and Zensai Ota and see how the studies has changed since Norinaga and what kind of influence it had to the studies of Japanese in the Meiji-era. 2 .We will also see the studies of Japanese phonology by Buddhist priests.
We will use my report carried on a Literary Department Bulletin as learning materials and will mainly focus on the phonological aspect.

Expression of Japanese

Recently the verbal expression of Japanese as well as the literal expression of it has become the object of controversy. The arguments are about from the usage of Japanese words with skipping the sound "ra" to the technique of debate, which are in other words how to express one's personality by means of language.
In this class students will have both lectures and practical training and will learn how to greet, introduce themselves and debate. Through these training and preparation for the study, students will learn Japanese expression matching with the characteristics of Japanese language.

History of Oriental Culture

In this class we will study the connection between ideology and art under the theme of "Michi; Morality" which is the key idea of Oriental culture. "Michi" as a natural law, is the base of social morals and rules and it, asimpersonal presentation, is the ideal which disregards the peril of our life. We will see the development of "Michi" culture, and consider how "Michi" should be. I will sometimes use video movies in class and the rating will be determined by the reports.

Courses for Junior and Senior

Teaching of Japanese

We will give lecture and practice on the teaching of classical Japanese from the viewpoint of the succession and creation of Japanese culture.
Students will study the purpose and the way of teaching classical Japanese, what kinds of conditions the classical works need in order to be used as teaching-learning materials, and the history of the teaching of Japanese by using Japanese classic as teaching-learning materials after Meiji-era. We will try to use some of the classical works as teaching-learning materials.